Index

dz

dzɑ˥ dzɑ˧ʈʂɤ#˥ dzɑ˩qʰwɤ˩ dze˥ dze˧bɤ˩ dze˧bo˧ dze˧dv˩ dze˧hi˧ dze˧kʰɤ˧˥ dze˧ɭɯ˧ dze˧ɭɯ˧-ɻ̃#˥ dze˧-ɻ̃#˥ dze˧-tɕʰi#˥ dze˧-ʈʂæ˥ dze˧ʈʂɯ˧ dze˧ʈʂʰɤ$˥ dze˩ dze˩ a dze˩ a dze˩ a dze˩dʑɯ˧˥ dze˩mi˧ dze˩mi˧-bæ˩bæ˩ dze˩mi˧-dze#˥ dze˩mi˧-kʰv˩ dze˩mi˧-pv˥ɻ˩ dze˩˧ dzɤ˥ b dzɤ˩ a dzi˥ dzi˧ b dzi˧dzi˧ dzi˧dzi˧-mo˧˥ dzi˧ɖæ˧ dzi˩ dzi˩ dzi˩ a dzi˩ a dzi˩ a dzi˩ b dzi˩ʁo˩ dzi˩tsʰɤ˩ dzi˧˥ dzo˥ dzo˧-lv˧~lv˥ dzo˧mi˧ dzo˧zo#˥ dzo˩ dzo˩~dzo˧˥ dzo˩mi#˥ dzo˩pʰv˩ dzo˩zo#˥ dzo˩˧ dzɯ˥ dzɯ˧tsɯ˧˥

dzɑ˥ adjective Tone: H. adjective. bad. 坏. ʈʂʰɯ˧-ɳɯ˧ | njɤ˧-ki˧ | dzɑ˧-ʝi˧ | ʐwæ˩˥! He really despises me! 他很瞧不起我！ hĩ˧ ʈʂʰɯ˧-v˧ dʑo˩, | õ˧-ki˥ | dzɑ˧-ʝi˧-ze˩! This person has no self-respect! (literally: This person is doing herself harm) 这个人，不尊重自己！ mv˧ dzɑ˧. The weather is bad. 天气很坏。 mv˧ dzɑ˧-ze˩ The weather is getting bad. 天气变坏了。 lo˧ dzɑ˧ poor (work), bad (job: e.g. someone has done a bad job) （工作）差 poor. 穷. dzɑ˧ | -ʐwæ˩-ze˥! (He/she) is really poor! 他很穷！ dzɑ˧ʈʂɤ#˥ adjective Tone: #H. destitute. 穷苦. adjective. ɑ˩ʁo˧ | bo˩ʈʂʰæ˧ mɤ˧-dʑo˧, | dzɑ˧ʈʂɤ˧-kv˩! If there is no fleshless preserved pork at home, it appears as if the family is really destitute! 如果家里没有猪膘，会显得很穷！ dzɑ˧ʈʂɤ˧ | ʐwæ˩˥! It's really a shame / it's really something to be ashamed of! (Talking about a socially stigmatized situation, such as not having the required food items or pieces of clothing for important ceremonies.) 真羞耻啊！ dzɑ˩qʰwɤ˩ noun Tone: L. classifier: dzi˧ shoe. 鞋. clothing. dze˥ noun Tone: #H. sugar. 糖. food. dze˧bɤ˩ noun Tone: L#. classifier: mi˩ bat. 蝙蝠/飞鼠. animal. dze˧bɤ˩-zo˩ | ɖɯ˧-ɭɯ˧ a baby bat 一只小蝙蝠 dze˧bɤ˩-pʰv˩ | ɖɯ˧-mi˩ a male bat 一只公蝙蝠 dze˧bɤ˩-mi˩ | ɖɯ˧-mi˩ a female bat 一只母蝙蝠 dze˧bo˧ noun Tone: M. family_name. 一个姓. given name. dze˧bo˧=ɻ˩ the /dze˧bo˧/ clan, the /dze˧bo˧/ family 者波家族 village_name. 者波村. ɖæ˩ʂɯ#˥, | ʈʂo˧ʂɯ#˥, | bɤ˩tɕʰɯ˩˥, | dɑ˧pʰo˥, | bɤ˧dzi˩, | dze˧bo˧ the six villages of the plain of Yongning, in traditional order: by order of increasing distance from the Lake 永宁坝的六个村落，按传统排序：从距离泸沽湖最近的村落说起。 dze˧dv˩ noun Tone: L#. cake/bread. 饼. food. dze˧dv˩-pɤ˩jɤ˩ cake of cereals 粮食饼 dze˧hi˧ noun Tone: M. in_laws. 丈人. society. njɤ˧ | dze˧hi˧-ki˩ bi˩! I'm going to my in-laws' place! / I'm going to visit my in-laws! 我去我丈人（那边）！ no˧ | dze˧hi˧ | ə˩-to˩-ze˥? - le˧-to˩-ze˩! Do you have in-laws? / Do you stand in an 'in-law' relationship? (=Are you married?) - Yes, I have entered into such a relationship! (=Yes, I am married!) 你有丈人吗？（=你结婚了吗？）-有的！（=结婚了！） no˧ | dze˧hi˧ to˩ ə˩-bi˩? Do you have plans to get married? (Literally: Are you going to enter an 'in-law' relationship?) 你打算结婚吗？ dze˧kʰɤ˧˥ noun Tone: MH#. classifier: v˧ commoner. 百姓. society. dze˧ɭɯ˧ noun Tone: M. wheat. 小麦. plant. dze˧ɭɯ˧-ɻ̃#˥ noun Tone: #H. wheat_straw. 麦杆. plant. dze˧-ɻ̃#˥ noun Tone: #H. wheat_straw. 小麦秆. plant. dze˧-tɕʰi#˥ noun Tone: #H. wheat_beard. 麦芒. plant. dze˧-ʈʂæ˥ noun Tone: H#. classifier: ɭɯ˧ sting_organ. 蜜蜂的螫針. animal. dze˧ʈʂɯ˧ noun Tone: M. classifier: nɑ˧ sieve. 筛子. object. dze˧ʈʂʰɤ$˥ noun Tone: H$. cereals. 粮食. agriculture. dze˩ verb Tone: L. to_be_left_over. 剩下. morphosyntax. dzɯ˧-dze˥-ze˩! There are some leftovers! / The food has not been eaten up! 剩了一些饭！/ 剩了一些吃的！ gɤ˩-dze˥ +ze˩! There are some leftovers! 有剩下的！ ʈʰɯ˩ dze˩-ze˥ Some of the drink is left over! / (The drink) has not been drunk up! 喝剩了、没喝完 le˧-se˩-ze˩! | gɤ˩-mɤ˧-dze˩! It's completely finished (=eaten up / drunk up)! There are no leftovers! 完了！（=全部吃/喝完了！）没有剩！ dze˩ a classifier Tone: La. clf .packs_of_two . 量词 .瓶子/锅 . classifier. zo˧mv˥ | ɖɯ˧-dze˩ twins (literally: 'a pair of children') (F5) 双胞胎（直译：“一对孩子”） ʈʂʰɯ˧-dze˥ dem _ (tone: H# / H$) 指示代词 _ dze˩ a verb Tone: La. to_fly. 飞. verb. le˧-dze˩-hɯ˩-ze˩ (The bird) has flown away. （鸟）飞走了。 mv˧ʁo˧ dze˧˥ to fly in the sky 在天空中飞 dze˩ a verb Tone: La. to_cut. 切. verb. le˧-dze˩ accomp accomp dze˧~dze˥ red red le˧-dze˧~dze˥ accomp _ red accomp _ red v˩tsʰɤ˧ dze˧~dze˥ to cut vegetables 切菜 nv˩dʑɯ˥ dze˩~dze˩ to cut tofu 切豆腐 dze˩dʑɯ˧˥ adjective Tone: LM+MH#. arrogant. 骄傲. adjective. ʈʂʰɯ˧ | hĩ˧-bi˥ | mɤ˧-li˧! | dze˩dʑɯ˧˥ | ʐwæ˧˥! He despises others! He is very arrogant! 他看不起别人！他很骄傲！ dze˩mi˧ noun Tone: LM. classifier: mi˩ bee. 蜜蜂. animal. dze˩mi˧-bæ˩bæ˩ noun Tone: L#. classifier: bæ˩ Artemisia_suboligata. 茶绒蒿. plant. dze˩mi˧-dze#˥ noun Tone: LM+#H. classifier: kʰwɤ˥ Etym: dze˩mi˧; dze˥. honey. 蜂蜜. animal. dze˩mi˧dze˧ dzɯ˧ to eat honey 吃蜂蜜 dze˩mi˧-kʰv˩ noun Tone: LM-L. classifier: ɭɯ˧ beehive. 蜂窝. animal. dze˩mi˧-pv˥ɻ˩ noun Tone: LM+#H. straight_ladybell. 沙参. plant. dze˩mi˧-pv˥ɻ˩-kʰɯ˩ʈɯ˩ root of straight ladybell 沙参根 dze˩˧ noun Tone: LM. classifier: mɤ˩ classifier: un peu wild_pepper. 花椒. plant. dzɤ˥ b classifier Tone: Hb. clf .sides . 量词 .面 . classifier. ʈʂʰɯ˧-dzɤ˧ this side 这面 ɖɯ˧-dzɤ˥ one side 一面 dzɤ˩ a verb Tone: La. to_collapse. 塌毁. verb. mv˩tɕo˧ dzɤ˩ same meaning: to collapse 同上：塌毁 le˧-dzɤ˩-ze˩ accomp _ pfv 塌毁了 dzi˥ noun Tone: #H. classifier: ɭɯ˧ (*nɑ˧) chisel. 凿子. object. dzi˧ b classifier Tone: Mb. clf .pairs_as_units . 量词 .鞋 . classifier. ɣɯ˩-dzɑ˩qʰwɤ˥ | ɖɯ˧-dzi˧ a pair of leather shoes 一双皮鞋 dzi˧dzi˧ noun Tone: M. oriental_white_oak. 青冈树. plant. dzi˧dzi˧, | si˧dzi˩-mv˩! /dzi˧dzi˧/ is the name of a tree! /dzi˧dzi˧/是一种树的名字！ Syn: dzi˧dzi˧-mo˧˥ noun Tone: MH#. edible_mushroom_sp. 一种可以吃的菌子. plant. dzi˧ɖæ˧ noun Tone: M. classifier: kʰwɤ˥ location. 位置. house. dzi˩ verb Tone: L. to_come(of_night). 来（晚上来了）. time. nɑ˩˥ | le˧-dzi˩-ze˩! The night has fallen! / It has got dark! 天黑了！ nɑ˩˥ | le˧-dzi˩ | le˧-se˩-ze˩! It has got completely dark! 天完全黑了！ dzi˩ classifier Tone: Lc. clf .costumes . 量词 .套 . classifier. dʑi˧hṽ˥ | ɖɯ˧-dzi˩ a full set of dress, a complete dress 一套衣服 dʑi˧hṽ˧ ɖɯ˧-dzi˩ a full set of dress, a complete dress (same as preceding example, integrated into a single tone group) 一套衣服（同上，但将短语合在一起，构成一个单一的声调短语） dzi˩ a verb Tone: La. to_sit. 坐. verb. tʰi˧-dzi˩! Sit down! 坐下！ hĩ˧bæ˧ ʈʂʰɯ˧-qo˧ dzi˩. The guest sits here. 客人是坐在这边的。 (ʈʂʰɯ˧ | ) tʰi˧-dzi˩-kʰɯ˩-se˩. (S)he has got seated. 他坐下了。 le˧-dzi˧~dzi˥ to remain seated; used as a euphemism to mean: to sit with others at a funeral wake, to keep a deathwatch 坐一坐。来指：居丧、守灵（委婉语） to_dwell. 住. verb. dzi˩-bi˩-ni˩gv˩ to be accustomed to; to get accustomed to, to feel at ease, to adapt (to an environment) 习惯（一个新的环境、一个地方的饮食……） dzi˩-bi˩-ni˩-mɤ˩-gv˩˥ not to get accustomed; to feel awkward 不习惯 njɤ˧ | ʈʂʰɯ˧-qo˧ | dzi˩-bi˩-ni˩-mɤ˩-gv˩˥ I can't get accustomed (to this place)! / (I) can't make myself at ease here! / (I) don't like it here! 我不习惯这里！ / 我不喜欢这里！ / 我不想待了！ dzi˩ a verb Tone: La. to_gather. 聚集. verb. ɖɯ˧-ʁwɤ˧ | le˧-dzi˧~dzi˥ the whole village gathered together 全村都聚集在一起 hĩ˧ ɖɯ˧-v˧ | le˧-ʂɯ˧-ze˧! le˧-dzi˧~dzi˥ jo˩! Someone has passed away! Come and join the gathering! 一个人去世了！来参加丧礼吧！ dzi˩ a verb Tone: La. to_sink. 掉入. verb. mv˩tɕo˧ dzi˩ to sink down 往下掉入、沉下去 dzi˩ b classifier Tone: Lb. clf .trees . 量词 .树 . classifier. si˧dzi˩ | ɖɯ˧-dzi˩ a tree 一棵树 tʰv˧-dzi˧˥ that tree 那棵树 dzi˩ʁo˩ noun Tone: L. classifier: kʰwɤ˥ seat. 座位. house. dzi˩tsʰɤ˩ noun Tone: L. classifier: dzi˩ shrub_sp. 一种灌木. plant. dzi˧˥ verb Tone: MH. to_tremble. 颤抖. verb. njɤ˩ dzi˧˥ the eyelid trembles (literally 'the eye trembles') 眼皮跳 njɤ˩ dzi˧-ze˥ the eyelid trembles 眼皮跳 njɤ˩ dzi˧˥ | ʐwæ˩˥ the eyelid trembles terribly 眼皮跳得很厉害 njɤ˩˥ | le˧-dzi˧-ze˥ the eyelid trembles 眼皮跳 njɤ˩˥ | mɤ˧-dzi˧˥ the eyelid does not tremble 眼皮不跳 dzo˥ noun Tone: #H. hail. 冰雹. natural environment. dzo˧ lɑ˩ there is some hail 下冰雹 dzo˧ gi˧-ze˩ there is some hail 下冰雹了 dzo˧-lv˧~lv˥ noun Tone: H#. classifier: ɭɯ˧ hailstone. 冰雹. natural environment. dzo˧mi˧ noun Tone: M. classifier: ɭɯ˧ large_vat. 大桶. object. dzo˧zo#˥ noun Tone: #H. classifier: ɭɯ˧ small_vat. 小桶. object. dzo˩ noun Tone: L. classifier: pɤ˩ classifier: nɑ˧ bridge. 桥. object. dzo˧ | ɖɯ˧ pɤ˩ a bridge 一辆桥 dzo˩ bæ˩˥ to sweep (a/the) bridge 扫桥 njɤ˧ | dzo˩ bæ˩-zo˩-ho˥. I have to sweep the bridge. 我要扫桥了。 dzo˩ gv˩˥ to build (/repair) a bridge 建一辆桥 njɤ˧ | dzo˩ gv˩-zo˩-ho˥. I have to build (/repair) a bridge. dzo˩~dzo˧˥ verb Tone: MH. to_laugh_at. 嘲笑. verb. hĩ˧ dzo˧-dzo˥-ho˩-ni˩zo˩! It looks like (he/she) is going to poke fun (at...) 他好像要开始取笑人家了！ tʰɑ˧ dzo˩~dzo˩! Don't laugh at people! 别嘲笑（人家）！ dzo˩mi#˥ noun Tone: LM+#H. classifier: mi˩ female_lizard. 母壁虎. animal. dzo˧mi˧-dzo˩pʰv˩ female lizard and male lizard 母壁虎与公壁虎 dzo˩pʰv˩ noun Tone: L. classifier: mi˩ classifier: ɭɯ˧ male_lizard. 公壁虎. animal. dzo˩pʰv˩-dzo˩mi˥ male lizard and female lizard 公壁虎与母壁虎 dzo˩zo#˥ noun Tone: LM+#H. classifier: mi˩ classifier: ɭɯ˧ baby_lizard. 小壁虎. animal. dzo˩˧ noun Tone: LM. classifier: mi˩ lizard. 壁虎. animal. dzo˩ hwæ˧-ze˧ ...bought (a) lizard 买了壁虎 dzo˩ dzɯ˧-ze˩ ...ate (a) lizard 吃了壁虎 dzɯ˥ verb Tone: H. to_eat. 吃. verb. le˧-dzɯ˥ accomp 实施 hɑ˧ dzɯ˧ to have a meal; to take some food 吃饭 njɤ˧ | hɑ˧ le˧-dzɯ˥-ze˩ I have eaten. / I have had a meal. 我吃过饭了。 dzɯ˧-di˧˥ food, thing to eat 吃的（东西） dzɯ˧-bi˩-ze˩! Let's eat! / It's time to eat! 要吃饭了！ dzɯ˧tsɯ˧˥ noun Tone: MH#. classifier: pʰæ˧˥ shrub_sp. 一种灌木. plant.